Famous Biologists

Born= October 21 1877, Halifax, Canada

Died= February 20 1955 (aged 77), Nashville, Tennessee

Famous for;

• Discovering that DNA posses heredity.

Born= 14 June 1924, Uddingston, Scotland

Died= 22 March 2010 (aged 85), London, England

Famous for;

• Invented revolutionary drugs for heart disease and stomach ulcers.

• Winner of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1988.

Born= 3 February 1821, Bristol, England

Died= 31 May 1910 (aged 89), Hastings, England

Famous for;

• First female physician in American.

• Founder of first medical school for woman in America.

Born= January 29 1947, Seattle, Washington, United States

Died= N/A

Famous for;

• Co-discovered how the sense of smell works.

• Corecipient, with Richard Axel, of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2004.

Born= 1 May 1852, Petilla de Aragón, Spain

Died= 17 October 1934 (82 years), Madrid, Spain

Famous for;

• Founded modern nueroscience, porviding nuerons behave biochemically disint cells not a network of interlinked cells.

• Corecipient, with Camillo Golgi, of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1906.

Born= 27 May 1907, Springdale, Pennsylvania, United States

Died= 14 April 1964 (56 years), Silver Spring, Maryland

Famous for;

• Environmentalist founder, leading to ban/ restrictions on chemicals such as DDT which are harmful to the environment.

Born= 1 January 1864, Diamond, Missouri, United States

Died= 5 January 1943 (aged 78–79), Tuskegee, Alabama, United States

Famous for;

• Promoted nitrogen-providing peanuts instead of cotton, to stop soil depletion and save the US agricultural economy.

Born= 11 August 1905, Chernivtsi, Ukraine

Died= 20 June 2002, Manhattan, New York, United States

Famous for;

• Paved the way to the structure of DNA.

Born= 11 June 1910, Saint-André-de-Cubzac, France

Died= 25 June 1997, Paris, France

Famous for;

• Co-invented the breath on demand valve for scuba diving.

• Popularised marine biology, through his T.V series.

Born= 8 June 1916, Holmfield Way, Northampton

Died= 28 July 2004, San Diego, California, United States

Famous for;

• Co-discovered DNA's structure and replication mechanism.

• Corecipient. with James Dewey Watson and Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins, of Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1962.

Born= 7 November 1867, Warsaw, Poland

Died= 4 July 1934, Passy, France

Famous for;

• Co-discovered radium and polonium.

• Contributed to the radioactive decay.

• Together with her husband, she was awarded half of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903, for their study into the spontaneous radiation discovered by Becquerel, who was awarded the other half of the Prize. In 1911 she received a second Nobel Prize, this time in Chemistry.

Born= 12 February 1809, The Mount House, Shrewsbury

Died= 9 April 1882, London, England

Famous for;

• Authored one of the most famous books in history, "On the Origin of Species," which provided evidence for the theory of evolution by natural selection.

Born= 27 January 1903, Melbourne, Australia

Died= 2 May 1997 Tenero-Contra, Switzerland

Famous for;

• Discovered that nerve messages are chemical in mammals.

• Corecipient, with Alan Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley, of the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine 1963.

Born= 490 BCE, Acragas, Sicily, Italy

Died= 430 BCE, Peloponnese, Greece

Famous for;

• Proposed that everying is made up of combinations of fire, wind, Earth and air.

• Proposed forces he called Love and Strife which would mix and separate the elements, respectively.

Born= 17 February 1890, East Finchley, London

Died= 29 July 1962, Adelaide, Australia

Famous for;

• Invented experimental design and a founder of population genetics.

• Unified concepts of natural ral selection.

Born= 6 August 1881, Lochfield, Scotland‎

Died= 11 March 1955, London, England

Famous for;

• Discovered treating wounds with antiseptic agents caused more deaths.

• Discovered penicillin.

• Corecipient, with Ernst Boris Chain and Sir Howard Walter Florey, of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945.

Born= 24 September 1898, Adelaide, Australia

Died= 21 February 1968, Oxford, England

Famous for;

• Transformed penicillin from a scientific curiosity to a potent antibiotic that saves millions of lives.

• Corecipient, with Ernst Boris Chain and Sir Alexander Fleming, of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945.

Born= 25 July 1920, Notting Hill, London

Died= 16 April 1958 (aged 37), London, England

Famous for;

• Discovered that DNA can exist in two forms.

• Inspired the discovery of DNA's structure.

Born= 129, Pergamum, Mysia, Anatolia (now Bergama, Turkey)

Died= 216, Rome, Roman Empire

Famous for;

• Established the link between diet and health and was the Roman Empire's greatest physician.

• Has the most books still in existence than any other ancient Greek.

Born= 3 April 1934 Hampstead, London

Died= N/A

Famous for;

• Established the relationship of humans to chimpanzees.

Born= 10 September 1941, Bayside, New York, United States

Died= 20 May 2002, SoHo, New York, United States

Famous for;

• Proposed that evolution of species is long periods of stability broken by shorter periods of rapid change.

Born= 10 February 1896, Nottingham, England

Died= 22 May 1985, Oxford, England

Famous for;

• Made the theory that claims our species evolved in water (Aquatic Ape).

Born= 1 April 1578, Folkestone

Died= 3 June 1657, Roehampton, London

Famous for;

• Explained how blood circulation is a circuit starting and ending at the heart.

Born= 1 August 1885, Budapest, Hungary

Died= 5 July 1966, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany

Famous for;

• Discovered hafnium.

• Pioneered isotopes as tracers to study chemical and biological processes.

• Discovered how plants and animals utilize particular chemical elements after they are taken in as nutrients.

• George Hevesy was the sole recipient of the 1943 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Born= 30 August 1919, Miles City, Montana, United States

Died= 11 April 2005, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Famous for;

• Developed over forty vaccines; eight of the fourteen vaccines are used in routine vaccination schedules today. His vaccines may account for as many as eight million lives saved every year.

Born= 460 BCE, island of Cos, Greece

Died= 375 BCE, Larissa, Thessaly

Famous for;

• Disentangled religious and superstitious beliefs from medical conditions. the famous Hippocratic Oath binds physicians to good ethnical practices.

Born= 28 July 1635, Freshwater, England

Died= 33 March 1703, London, England

Famous for;

• Discovered cells revealing the microscopic world for the first time.

Born= June 15, 1946 Shelby, Montana, United States

Died= N/A

Famous for;

• Discovered that dinosaurs cared for their young and some nested in colonies.

• Working on using DNA from dinosaurs to hatch a modern-day dinosaurs.

Born= 12 September 1897, Paris, France

Died= 17 March 1956, Paris, France

Famous for;

• Co-discovered how to convert stable chemical elements into reactive elements, saving millions of lives.

• Winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1935.

Born= 14 June 1868, Vienna, Austria

Died= 26 June 1943, New York, United States

Famous for;

• Discovered the human blood groups, meaning safe blood transfusion.

• Winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1930.

Born=24 October 1632, Delft, Netherlands

Died= 26 August 1723, Delft, Netherlands

Famous for;

• The father of microbiology, he used remarkable self-made lenses to discover single-celled animals and plants, bacteria, and spermatozoa.

Born=23 May 1707, Linnés Råshults, Stiftelse

Died= 10 January 1778, The Linnaeus Museum, Uppsala, Sweden

Famous for;

• Created the two-part naming system we use to classify all lifeforms;

• Named and classified about 13,000 lifeforms.

Born= 20 July 1822, Hynčice, Vražné, Czechia

Died= 6 January 1884, Brno, Czechia

Famous for;

• Founded the science of genetics.

• Identified many of the rules of heredity.

• identified recessive and dominant traits, and that traits are passed from parents to offspring in a mathematically predictable way.

Born= 23 May 1734, Swabia, Germany

Died= 5 March 1815, Meersburg, Germany

Famous for;

• Mesmer wrongly believed he had discovered a remarkable new phenomenon, which he called animal magnetism. He used this to treat people with psychosomatic illnesses. The treatment was later recognised as the genuine phenomenon of hypnosis (or mesmerism).

Born= 21 September 1866, Rouen, France

Died= 28 February 1936, Tunis, Tunisia

Famous for;

• Discovered that typhus is carried by lice; showed how epidemics could be prevented.

• Discovered inapparent infections.

• winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1928.

Born= 12 May 1820, Florence, Italy

Died= 13 August 1910, Mayfair, London

Famous for;

• A health pioneer who transformed nursing into a respected, highly trained profession; used statistics to analyse wider health outcomes.

• Credited with adding 20 years to life expectancy between 1871 and 1935.

Born= 27 December 1822, Dole, France

Died= 28 September 1895, Marnes-la-Coquette, France

Famous for;

• The father of modern microbiology.

• Transformed chemistry and biology with his discovery of mirror-image molecules.

• Discovered anaerobic bacteria.

• Established the germ theory of disease.

• Invented food preservation by pasteurisation.

Born= 28 February 1901, Portland, Oregon, United States

Died= 19 August 1994, Big Sur, California, United States

Famous for;

• Formulated valence bond theory and electronegativity.

• Founded the fields of quantum chemistry, molecular biology, and molecular genetics.

• Discovered the alpha-helix structure of proteins.

• Proved that sickle-cell anemia is a molecular disease.

• Winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1954 and Nobel Peace Prize in 1962.

Born= 26 January 1891, Spokane, Washington, United States

Died=5 April 1976, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Canada

Famous for;

• Pioneer of brain surgery who mapped the human brain, showing which parts of it are most strongly associated with functions such as the different senses, different body movements, and speech.

Born=20 April 1745, Jonquières, France

Died=25 October 1826, Paris, France

Famous for;

• Founded scientific psychiatry.

• Made humane changes to the conditions under which mentally ill people were held.

Born=18 February 1626, Arezzo, Italy

Died=1 March 1697, Pisa, Italy

Famous for;

• Devised and performed the first controlled experiments in scientific history.

• Founded modern parasitology.

• Showed that flies breed and lay eggs and do not spontaneously generate.

Born= 7 December 1810, Neuss, Germany

Died= 11 January 1882, Cologne, Germany

Famous for;

• Established that the cell is the basic unit of all living things.

• His classification of cells is the foundation of modern histology.

• Discovered the enzyme pepsin.

• Identified the role microorganisms play in alcohol fermentation.

Born= 28 April 1928, Los Angeles, California, United States

Died= 18 July 1997, Alice Springs, Australia

Famous for;

• The first astrogeologist and a founder of planetary impact science.

• Proposed microscopic life could travel between planets on rocks blasted into space by asteroid impacts.

Born= 20 March 1904, Susquehanna, Pennsylvania, United States

Died= 18 August 1990, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States

Famous for;

• Pioneered the science of behaviourism.

• Discovered the power of positive reinforcement in learning.

• Designed the first psychological experiments producing quantitatively repeatable results.

Born= 7 July 1861, Cavendish, Vermont, United States

Died= 4 May 1912, Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Famous for;

• Discovered that an organism’s sex is determined by its chromosomes, now known as the XY sex-determination system-the discovery was the first time a link was found between a physical characteristic and chromosome differences.

Born= 5 September 1939, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan

Died= N/A

Famous for;

• Discovered how the immune system produces millions of different antibodies to combat almost any micro-organism. In doing so, he solved the puzzle of antibody diversity.

Born= 29 April 1893, Walkerton, Indiana, United States

Died= 5 January 1981, La Jolla, California, United States

Famous for;

• Discovered deuterium.

• Showed how isotope ratios in rocks reveal past Earth climates.

• Founded modern planetary science.

• The Miller-Urey experiment demonstrated that electrically sparking simple gases produces amino acids – the building blocks of life.

Born= 14 October 1946, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States

Died= N/A

Famous for;

• First to read the entire genome of a free-living organism.

• Played a major role in mapping the human genome.

• Created synthetic DNA and new bacteria species.

Born= 8 January 1823, Llanbadoc, Wales

Died= 7 November 1913, Broadstone, England

Famous for;

• Independently formulated the theory of evolution by natural selection before Charles Darwin.

• Was one of the first biologists to express concern about the effects human activities were having on the natural world.

Born= 17 May 1928, Syracuse, New York, United States

Died= 30 December 2012, Urbana, Illinois, United States

Famous for;

• Discovered a third basic form of life, the Archaea.

• Redrew the tree of life.

• Revolutionised biology using genetic analysis, allowing all forms of life to be included in the study of evolution.